Taking 351 national and provincial key rural tourism villages in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle as the research object, it analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of key rural tourism villages in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle by using the average nearest neighbor index, kernel density estimation, Ripley’s k function and global spatial autocorrelation method, and further reveals the influencing factors of the distribution of key villages by using the methods of geographical detector, buffer zone analysis, geographic connection rate and other methods. The results show that: 1） The key villages of rural tourism in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle are clustered, and the degree of clustering is gradually increasing. On the scale of agglomeration, the peak of the concentration intensity of key villages in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle changes from 83 km to 100 km. 2） The distribution among districts, counties and cities is uneven and the stratification is obvious. The number is more than that in Sichuan and less than that in Chongqing, and the high density areas with the main urban area of Chongqing as the central point are mostly in the grade. 3） There is a significant positive correlation cluster effect between the key rural tourism villages. The core density distribution takes Chengdu and the main urban area as the core points, and extends outward to form multiple dense areas and sub-dense axis zones. 4） The natural environment, traffic location, social economy, resource endowment and policy and other factors jointly affect the distribution of key rural tourism villages in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle. Policy and high-level scenic spots are the two most important factors in the distribution of key villages.