With the increasing shortage of traditional fossil energy and the continuous deterioration of the global ecological environment, it is urgent to develop new green renewable energy and new energy collection technologies. A novel rotary triboelectric nanogenerator structure is proposed, and the potential distribution during the rotation process is analyzed by using COMSOL simulation software. Then the MATLAB Simulink is applied to build the equivalent circuit model of the TENG, and analyze the variation law of the output performance of the TENG with the resistance value of the load resistor when the external resistor is connected. Finally, the output power of the new rotary TENG is compared with the existing partial wind energy capture TENG to explore its advantages and practical value. The study found that: with the increase of the number of electrode sheets, the peak value of the voltage between the electrodes showed a downward trend, the frequency increased with the increase of the number of sheets, and the output short-circuit current increased; with the increase of the width of the PTFE film, the voltage between the electrodes increased first and then decreases, and the voltage peaks when the width of the PTFE film coincides with the width of the electrode. When the external resistance value is 10 MΩ, the output performance of TENG reaches the maximum.