Collective behaviour in animals is a widespread phenomenon at different groups and levels of complexity, and depends on local interactions between individuals that drive the emergence of coordination at the group level. To investigate the effects of different light environment on collective behavior of the Cyprinidae fish, juvenile Qingbo ( Spinibarbus sinensis ) with similar weight and healthy were selected as animal model. These fish were randomly divided into one of three color light groups (i.e white light group, green light group and red light group). Each light group consisted of 20 shoals. Each shoal contains six test fish.The collective behavior of each group was filmed once for 15 minutes in open water environment at (272±03) ℃. The individual swimming speed and the individual total movement distance of the green and red light groups were significantly higher than that of the white light group, and the difference was more significant in red light group ( p <005). Compared with white light treatment, the red light treatment resulted in a significant decrease in synchronization of speed of the shoals ( p <005), but the green light does not affect the synchronization of speed. The red light treatment resulted in a significant increase in inter-individual distance and nearest neighbor distance, whereas the green light treatment resulted in a significant decrease in both. The group swimming speed was significantly increased ( p <005) in both red and green light treatments, but there was no significant change in the group percentage movement time, and the group polarztion was significantly increased in the green light treatment ( p <005). Our results showed that the red light led to a significant decrease in group coordination and cohesion in the shoal of Qingbo, with the shoal more loose and chaotic, whereas the green light significantly increased group coordination and cohesion, and it is possible that the green light had a positive effect on the exchange of information between individual members in collective forging.