To investigate the insecticidal activity of the essential oils from Artemisia annua and Artemisia argyi against Myzus hemerocallis, a pest of Hemerocallis citrina, the essential oils of these two plants were first extracted by steam distillation. Their fumigation, contact, and repellent activities against M. Hemerocallis were then determined by sealed fumigation, micro-droplet, and filter paper diffusion methods, respectively. Finally, the main chemical components of the essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that: 1) Within 24 h, the essential oil of A. annua exhibited no fumigation activity against M. hemerocallis, while the median lethal dose (LD50) of A. argyi essential oil for fumigation activity was 3.14 mg·L-1. 2) Within 24 h, the contact activity of A. annua essential oil against M. Hemerocallis was superior to that of A. argyi, with LD50 values of 0.58 and 2.46 μg per adult, respectively. 3) At a dosage of 2.83 μg·cm-2 and an exposure time of 2 h, the repellency rate of A. annua essential oil against M. Hemerocallis was higher than that of DEET (positive control). At a dosage of 0.59 μg·cm-2 and an exposure time of 2 h, the repellency rate of A. argyi essential oil was higher than that of DEET. At dosages of 0.12 and 0.59 μg·cm-2 with an exposure time of 4 h, the repellency rates of both A. annua and A. argyi essential oils were higher than that of DEET. 4) The main chemical components of the essential oils from A. annua and A. argyi were caryophyllene oxide (15.93%) and eucalyptol (14.68%), respectively, which had the highest relative contents. These findings provide a theoretical basis and reference for the control of M. Hemerocallis, the comprehensive utilization of A. annua and A. argyi resources, and the development of novel botanical insecticides.