To investigate the effects of turbidity on the behavior of Brachymystax tsinlingensis and its sympatric Phoxinus lagowskii, a custom-made behavioral recording apparatus was used to record behavioral parameter matrices for both experimental fish species under varying turbidity water bodies. These parameters included activity indicator movement distance, motionless time and boldness indicator cumulative duration in the open area, number of entries into the open area. The differences in behavioral responses and their dependence on turbidity were analyzed subsequently. The results show that: 1) Significant interspecific differences in the activity and boldness indicators were found between B. tsinlingensis and the P. lagowskii. Regardless of water turbidity, B. tsinlingensis exhibited longer movement distances, shorter immobility durations, and shorter residence times in open areas compared to P. lagowskii. The differences in these parameters between groups were statistically significant (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was observed in the frequency of entering open areas. 2) Turbidity has statistically significant effect on the activity indicators of the two experimental fish species (p<0.05), but no statistically significant effect on their boldness indicators. Furthermore, the interaction between turbidity and species had no statistically significant effect on either the activity or boldness indicators of the fish. 3) Regardless of water turbidity, certain activity indicators of P. lagowskii were statistically significantly correlated (either positively or negatively) with certain boldness indicators (p<0.05). In contrast, no statistically significant correlations were found between the activity and boldness indicators of B. tsinlingensis. These findings suggest that turbidity significantly influences the behavioral responses of B. tsinlingensis and P. lagowskii, potentially increasing their additional energy expenditure. Future efforts should strengthen monitoring and management of water turbidity in B. tsinlingensis habitats.