JIAO Pengpeng,CHEN Hongkai,ZHANG Jinhao,et al.Research Progress on Ecological Environment Problems Caused by Landslides in Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J].期刊社,2022,39(02):46.[doi:10.11721/cqnuj20220218]
三峡库区消落带滑坡灾害引发生态环境问题的研究进展
- Title:
- Research Progress on Ecological Environment Problems Caused by Landslides in Water-Level-Fluctuating Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir Area
- 分类号:
- X53；X524；P642
- 摘要:
- 【目的】分析三峡库区消落带滑坡灾害形成机制、崩解特性和破坏机理以及土壤污染问题研究现状的分析，指出当前研究的不足并提出展望性建议。【方法】查阅相关文献，分析当前研究进展与趋势。【结果】三峡库区岸坡经库水位升降、降雨或长期风化作用形成层状碎裂岩体结构；库水位在消落带之间反复升降，消落带泥岩处于周期性“干湿”交替环境中，泥岩内部部分可溶物质溶解，胶结作用降低，裂隙逐渐扩展，导致崩解；在库水位变化过程中，滑坡体涉及饱和-非饱和的相互转化过程，进而影响滑坡岩土体强度、局部孔隙水压力，最终引发滑坡灾害；消落带滑坡灾害引发了坡内土壤重金属含量总体呈现库区上游及下游较高、库区中游较低的空间格局，土壤处于轻度污染等级，进而促使消落带区域内土壤有机污染对库区下游生态环境具有潜在的生态风险；消落带植物的种类因水位的涨落而出现较大幅度的降低，其中草本植物占极大优势。【结论】三峡库区消落带滑坡灾害研究不够系统，对滑坡形成机制、崩解特性和破坏机理还需进一步研究；消落带土壤的侵蚀、理化性质的变化与地质灾害的关联性研究不充分；消落带滑坡区域内导致的土壤污染的研究多为现状调查，早期研究未形成权威可靠的参考背景值，导致土壤污染评价的依据不够充分；区域内土壤污染物迁移转化规律研究不够完善；除常规污染物外，对其他非常规污染物关注度不够；区域内植物群落变化的研究多数仅停留在变化特征描述上，未对形成机制开展深入探讨。
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